Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

Self-efficacy is a term developed by which psychologist?

1. Skinner

2. Bandura

3. Piaget

4. Erikson

The correct answer is: Bandura

Self-efficacy is a concept developed by psychologist Albert Bandura, which refers to an individual's belief in their own abilities to successfully perform tasks and achieve goals. Bandura introduced this idea in the context of social cognitive theory, emphasizing that self-efficacy influences motivation, performance, and persistence in the face of challenges. He posited that individuals with high self-efficacy are more likely to take on difficult tasks, remain committed, and recover from setbacks compared to those with low self-efficacy. Bandura's research illustrated that self-efficacy can be developed through various means, such as personal experiences of success, observing others' successes (vicarious experiences), and receiving social encouragement. This concept has profound implications in fields such as education, psychology, and counseling, as it sheds light on how belief in one's abilities can directly impact learning and performance. Understanding self-efficacy is vital for counselors who strive to enhance their clients' confidence and promote resilience.