Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What cognitive therapy focuses on automatic thoughts leading to depression, as developed by Aaron T. Beck?

1. Humanistic Therapy

2. Cognitive Therapy

3. Behavioral Therapy

4. Reality Therapy

The correct answer is: Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, as developed by Aaron T. Beck, specifically targets the role of automatic thoughts in the development and maintenance of depression. This therapeutic approach is based on the premise that individuals often engage in negative thinking patterns that distort their perceptions of reality. These automatic thoughts can lead to feelings of hopelessness and other depressive symptoms. Beck's cognitive therapy involves identifying these negative thoughts, challenging their validity, and replacing them with more balanced and rational thoughts. This process allows clients to recognize the influence of their thoughts on their emotions and behaviors, ultimately leading to improvements in their mental health. In contrast, the other therapeutic approaches focus on different aspects of human experience. Humanistic therapy emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, often exploring feelings and experiences without a primary focus on cognitive distortions. Behavioral therapy emphasizes the modification of harmful behaviors through reinforcement and conditioning, rather than directly addressing thoughts. Reality therapy centers on personal responsibility and the choices individuals can make to fulfill their needs, rather than specifically targeting cognitive patterns.