Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What historical philosophy influenced empiricists in the 1600s?

1. Behaviorism

2. Rationalism

3. Philosophy of John Locke

4. Humanism

The correct answer is: Philosophy of John Locke

During the 1600s, empiricism emerged as a significant philosophical approach, emphasizing the role of sensory experience in the formation of ideas and knowledge. One of the most notable figures associated with this movement was John Locke. His philosophy laid the groundwork for empiricism by arguing that the mind at birth is a tabula rasa, or blank slate, and that knowledge is acquired through experience and observation. Locke's ideas fundamentally suggested that knowledge originates from what we perceive through our senses. Locke’s perspective was pivotal in shifting emphasis away from innate ideas, which were championed by rationalists, to the importance of empirical evidence as the basis for knowledge. This focus on observation and experience not only shaped the course of philosophical thought but also influenced various fields, including psychology. The principles established by Locke significantly impacted the development of empiricist philosophers who followed, solidifying his role as a key figure in this historical context.