Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What is the primary effect of anabolic steroids?

1. Reduce body fat

2. Build physical muscle mass

3. Improve cognitive abilities

4. Enhance flexibility

The correct answer is: Build physical muscle mass

The primary effect of anabolic steroids is to build physical muscle mass. Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, a hormone that promotes muscle growth and development. They work by increasing protein synthesis within cells, leading to increased muscle size and strength. This muscle-building characteristic makes them appealing to athletes and bodybuilders seeking enhanced performance and physical appearance. While some anabolic steroids may have secondary effects that can influence body fat reduction or overall athletic performance, their main and most well-researched purpose is the promotion of muscle hypertrophy. This is fundamentally what distinguishes anabolic steroids from other types of steroids, such as corticosteroids, which are primarily used for different medical applications, such as reducing inflammation rather than enhancing muscle growth.