Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What is the primary technique used in systematic desensitization?

1. Visualization of fears

2. Developing a fear hierarchy

3. Cognitive restructuring

4. Medication administration

The correct answer is: Developing a fear hierarchy

The primary technique used in systematic desensitization is the development of a fear hierarchy. This method involves creating a structured list of situations or stimuli related to the individual's anxiety, ranked from the least to the most anxiety-provoking. By gradually exposing the client to these situations, starting with the least threatening while employing relaxation techniques, the individual can learn to manage their anxiety and reduce their fear response over time. This approach is foundational in cognitive-behavioral therapy, as it allows clients to confront and desensitize themselves to their fears in a controlled and supportive environment. Moving through the hierarchy helps individuals build confidence and develop coping strategies as they face progressively more challenging scenarios. Other choices, while relevant in therapeutic contexts, do not define the core technique of systematic desensitization. Visualization of fears can be part of the process but is not the primary technique on its own. Cognitive restructuring focuses on changing thought patterns and beliefs rather than direct desensitization to fears. Medication administration is a separate intervention that may complement therapy but does not form part of the desensitization techniques themselves.