Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What psychological theory was founded by Carl Jung?

1. Behaviorism

2. Analytical Psychology

3. Cognitive Psychology

4. Humanistic Psychology

The correct answer is: Analytical Psychology

Carl Jung founded Analytical Psychology, which is a complex psychological framework that emphasizes the importance of understanding the psyche through the interplay of conscious and unconscious aspects. Jung introduced several key concepts, such as archetypes, the collective unconscious, and the process of individuation — which refers to the psychological integration of the self. Analytical Psychology is distinguished from other psychological theories in that it places significant emphasis on the symbolic meanings of dreams and the exploration of spiritual and transcendental aspects of human existence. Jung's approach also diverges from the behavioral focus of Behaviorism, the cognitive processes emphasized in Cognitive Psychology, and the person-centered principles of Humanistic Psychology. Instead, Analytical Psychology seeks to explore the deeper meanings and motivations behind human behavior, fostering personal growth through an understanding of the inner self.