Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

What type of reinforcement schedule is characterized by providing rewards after a set number of responses?

1. Variable Ratio

2. Fixed Ratio

3. Fixed Interval

4. Variable Interval

The correct answer is: Fixed Ratio

The correct choice pertains to a reinforcement schedule that delivers rewards after a predetermined number of responses have been made. This type of schedule is known as a fixed ratio schedule. In this scenario, the reinforcement is based on a consistent quantity of responses, making it predictable for the individual. For instance, if a behavior is reinforced after every third response, the individual clearly understands that they will receive a reward only after completing three actions. This clear structure can effectively motivate individuals to engage in the desired behavior consistently, as they are aware of exactly what is required to receive the reinforcement. This is distinct from other schedules, such as variable ratio, where the number of responses required for reinforcement varies unpredictably, contributing to a high level of response rates because the individual cannot determine when the next reward will occur. Fixed interval and variable interval schedules, on the other hand, are based on time rather than the number of responses, focusing on the timing of rewards rather than the frequency of actions.