Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

Which level in Kohlberg's theory involves the "Social contract or democratically accepted law"?

1. Preconventional Level

2. Conventional Level

3. Postconventional Level

4. Ethical Level

The correct answer is: Postconventional Level

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the level that involves the "Social contract or democratically accepted law" corresponds to the Postconventional Level. This level is characterized by an understanding that laws and rules are not absolute, and that they exist to serve the greater good. Individuals at this level recognize that societal laws can be changed if they do not promote justice or equality. At the Postconventional Level, moral reasoning is based on abstract principles and values, such as human rights and individual liberty. People who reach this level consider a social contract that upholds rights and democratic values, leading to the notion that laws should facilitate fairness and justice for all members of society. This perspective allows for a higher level of ethical reasoning where individuals can look beyond their own perspectives and consider the collective well-being of the community. The other levels do not focus on this societal and abstract reasoning. The Preconventional Level is centered around self-interest and obedience to authority, while the Conventional Level emphasizes adherence to social norms and the expectations of others. The use of the term "Ethical Level" is not part of Kohlberg’s framework, which creates confusion regarding its relevance. Therefore, the Postconventional Level is the only one that correctly encapsulates the