Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

Who labeled social advocacy as the fifth force of counseling?

1. Virginia Satir

2. Manivong Ratts

3. Karl Rogers

4. Albert Ellis

The correct answer is: Manivong Ratts

Manivong Ratts is credited with labeling social advocacy as the fifth force of counseling. This concept emerged as a response to the increasing awareness of social justice issues within the counseling field. Ratts emphasized that traditional therapeutic approaches must evolve to address systemic inequalities and advocate for marginalized populations. By identifying social advocacy in this manner, he expanded the framework of counseling to not only focus on individual therapy but also incorporate a social justice perspective, recognizing that personal issues are often intertwined with broader societal factors. This perspective encourages counselors to take a proactive role in advocating for change at both the individual and community levels, thereby enriching the profession and its impact on society.